Epidemiology of Pet Diseases and Disorders: A Monthly and Seasonal Analysis in Kohat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Backgrounds: Diseases and illnesses in pets pose a huge global health, welfare, and economic burden, with high mortality rates. A cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of health cases in Kohat's pets by month, season, and species. Methods: This is a retrospective research. The information was obtained from the record at the Civil Veterinary Research Hospital in Kohat, Pakistan. Results: Chronic respiratory disease and coryza were the most common conditions in 1296 pets, with 12.2% each, followed by parvovirus 9.2%, vomiting 8.4%, external/internal wounds 8.3%, coccidiosis 6.4%, and diarrhea 6.0%, worms and ticks 4.4%, feline leukemia 4.1%, fracture 3.8%, mange 3.0%, dehydration 2.9%, fever 2.6%, and weakness 2.3%. The remaining diseases and disorders have a prevalence of less than 1% of diagnosed cases. Diarrhea and vomiting accounted for 59.0% of mixed cases. The largest occurrence occurred throughout the summer (39.4%), peaking in March (12.4%), and the lowest cases occurred in June (4.8%). Dogs (42.0%) and birds (38.3%) were more common than cats (19.7%). Cats, like dogs and birds, demonstrated the lowest rates in the spring and fall, respectively. Dogs had the highest prevalence from March to August (excluding July) and November, whereas cats had the lowest frequencies, except in June. Birds had a higher occurrence in January and February, July, September, and October, as well as December. Conclusion: Kohat experiences significant monthly, seasonal, and species-based changes in pet diseases and disorders, with summer being the peak season and dogs and birds having the most overall cases.These discoveries necessitate timely veterinary care in these species.