Appraising a ten-year Trend of the Efficacy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prophylaxis among Clients Accessing Care at the Federal University Teaching Hospital Lafia Nasarawa State Nigeria
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- 1 Department of Paediatrics, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria
- 3 Department of Paediatrics, Federal University of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital, Azare, Nigeria
- 4 GHIDI, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
- 5 Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria
- 6 FUTH Lafia
Abstract
HIV is predominantly transmitted through heterosexual and vertical means among adults and children respectively. Interventions such as the prevention of mothers to child transmission of HIV, pre-exposure prophylaxis among discordant couples and post-exposure prophylaxis for those with needle / cut injuries or rape. This study accessed the impact of these programs in Lafia Nigeria.
A retrospective cross-sectional study using a ten year (2016-2025) electronic medical record generated secondary data at the Special Treatment Clinic of FUTH Lafia. Data was analyzed with the Exploratory Data Analyses using the R Studio version R-4.5.2. Univariate and multivariate analysis done using bar charts and line graphs. A significant p was p < 0.05.
Of the 597 HIV exposed babies, 11 (1.9%) of the 578 that breastfed their babies became HIV infected, with only 3 of these eleven, commencing Nevirapine based on the PMTCT program. Multi-drug dispensing of less than three months interval confer protection to the babies p = 0.007. All clients in the PEP category were sero-negative, with TDF/3TC/DTG the prophylactic drug of choice. The effect of PrEP among discordant couple accessing care in Lafia remain consistently high from 94.2% in 2016 to 100% in 2025 and it is statistically significant (χ²=9.1318, p=0.0243)
This study demonstrated a good outcome with the post – exposure prophylaxis (PEP), pre – exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission rate (PMTCT) among people with accidental HIV exposure, discordant couple and babies whose mother are HIV-infected. Early ART commencement and three-monthly dispensing effectiveness were significant observations.
A retrospective cross-sectional study using a ten year (2016-2025) electronic medical record generated secondary data at the Special Treatment Clinic of FUTH Lafia. Data was analyzed with the Exploratory Data Analyses using the R Studio version R-4.5.2. Univariate and multivariate analysis done using bar charts and line graphs. A significant p was p < 0.05.
Of the 597 HIV exposed babies, 11 (1.9%) of the 578 that breastfed their babies became HIV infected, with only 3 of these eleven, commencing Nevirapine based on the PMTCT program. Multi-drug dispensing of less than three months interval confer protection to the babies p = 0.007. All clients in the PEP category were sero-negative, with TDF/3TC/DTG the prophylactic drug of choice. The effect of PrEP among discordant couple accessing care in Lafia remain consistently high from 94.2% in 2016 to 100% in 2025 and it is statistically significant (χ²=9.1318, p=0.0243)
This study demonstrated a good outcome with the post – exposure prophylaxis (PEP), pre – exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission rate (PMTCT) among people with accidental HIV exposure, discordant couple and babies whose mother are HIV-infected. Early ART commencement and three-monthly dispensing effectiveness were significant observations.